语例：
There are many part-time jobs for college students who need money to help pay their bills.For students who enjoy talking to customers， sales jobs are ideal.Some people like to find their own customers， so they choose door-to-door sales of products ranging from beauty aids and encyclopedias to vacuum cleaners.Other people prefer working in department stores， where customer finds them.Students who like being around people， but do not want to persuade them to buy anything， might prefer clerking in a grocery or discount store.Those who enjoy providing service to the public might prefer office jobs as secretaries， file clerks， or bookkeepers.And those who like to keep their surroundings clean and neat might find that being dishwashers， stockroom persons， or janitors fills their need for both money and job satisfaction.
无主题段落的特征是没有一个明显反映主题目的的单句语句。无主题段的主题是通过段中所有语句隐含地反映或共同烘托出来。相对而言，无主题句段落更多地用于描写、记叙等文本。
语例：
The room is located on the fifth floor of the high building.One third of its total floor is taken up by a double bed.Facing it， in the corner behind the door， stands a cupboard loaded with pots， bowls， dishes，bottles， and bags of rice and flour.A desk completely fills the gap between the bed and the wall with the window.Behind the desk is a chair， the only one in the room； and it almost touches the boxes and trunks piled against the wall on the opposite side.
主题句段落中，由于有一个明确的主题句来引导段落的展开，在逻辑上，段落中的其他语句都是属于主题句的支撑句，它们自然地与主题句不在同一逻辑层次上。因此，主题句段落属于层级结构的段。
无主题句段落则不同，其中没有主题句，各个支撑句之间只是平行地指向隐含共同的主题，因此，无主题句段落属于线性结构的段落。
（四）根据在主题段落中写作者所运用的不同语义逻辑思维方式，主题段落可以分为时间顺序、空间顺序、演绎、归纳、对比、比较、因果、分类、定义、例证/举例、思维联想等展开模式展开的段落。
1.时间顺序展开段落，包括过程展开段落。标志：动词时态变化和时间或时序指示语，如first， seond， before， after， then， when， 1973， 2000等。
标准：先后时序清楚。
语例：
We had a number of close calls that day.When we rose， it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast； we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock.Then， when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours -it must have been close to noon - the heat nearly hid us in； the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down.By the time we reached the mountain， it was four o'clock and we were exhausted.Here， judgment ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit， not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert.Sure enough， by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff， dragging Mohammed and me along with him.By nine， when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit， we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
段落中的画线部分为时间标序标志。
2.空间顺序段落。标志：空间及空间关系指示语，如in China， in America， to the east， on the right， before， nearby，between等。
标准：空间位移及关系清晰。
语例：
From a distance， it looked like a skinny tube， but as we got closer， we could see it flesh out before our eyes.It was tubular， all right， but fatter than we could see from far away.Furthermore， we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts： a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure.Standing ten feet away， we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows.Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass， unlike the tube that it was sitting on， which only had four.Inside， the tube was gloomy， because of the lack of light.Then a steep， narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically.All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
段落中的画线部分为空间位置标志。
3.演绎或归纳段落。标志：演绎或归纳指示语，如illustrate， example， for example， for instance， in conclusion， in short words等。
标准：演绎、归纳逻辑清楚。
演绎/例证型展开段落。演绎/例证型展开段落常常带有example， for example， for instance等标志性词语，有时也没有，而是在一个一般性的命题或一个明确的主题后直接陈述支撑性的事例。演绎/例证型展开段落，无论有无标志性词语，标准在于：段落具有明确的支撑和被支撑的逻辑关系，其次，支撑的例子应力求典型、具体，且如果有多个例子，那么例子之间应有诸如时间、空间、主次等逻辑顺序。例证/举例型展开段落的一般结构模型如图6-7所示。
一般性的命题或一个明确的主题
支撑事例：支撑事例1
支撑事例2
…
语例：
We may note in passing that， although Dr Johnson's friend and biogrpher (boswell) was a Scotsman， Johnson despiced， or pretended to despice， Scotsmen in general.He once said that the best thing a Scotsman ever saw the high way to England.In his famous dictionary， Johnson defined oats as a grain which in England is generally given to horses， but in Scotland supports the people.He did not condemn all Scotsmen， however.Once he commented on a distinguished nobleman who had been born in Scotland but educated in England， saying that much could made of a Scotsman-if he was caught young.
在这个段落中作者用了三个例子来支撑主题：Johnson despiced， or pretended to despice， Scotsmen in general。三个例子分别为：He once said …； In his famous dictionary …； Once he commented …。
与演绎/例证不同的是，归纳则是先进行一定的事例呈示，然后，再出现一个一般性的命题或一个明确的主题。
4.对比或比较段落。标志：对比，比较指示语，如on one hand， on the other hand， different from， different， like， likewise， same， similar等。
标准：（1）异同点典型、鲜明。（2）对比点或比较点符合主题需要。（3）异同点描述或分析条理清楚。比较是针对不同对象的相同或相似之处，对比则相反，针对的是不同对象的差异之处。在比较或对比写作中要抓住对象间的典型和鲜明的共同点（相似点）或不同点，才能给读者深刻的印象和说服力。另外，进行比较和对比的着眼点还必须有利于段落的主题思想的表达，否则进行的比较和对比则失去意义。
最后，为了在写作中将异同点描述或分析得条理清楚，人们一般在比较或对比展开段落中遵循两种结构类型：一种类型为对象-特征型；另一类型为特征-对象型。对象-特征型就是在比较或对比中以比较或对比的对象为主线进行比较或对比，在展示完一个对象的必要特征之后，再进行第二个对象，再进行第三个对象，如此以往，只是在每个对象后罗列的各个方面的特征应按同一顺序，以保持段落的连贯。这种类型的比较或对比又被称为整体比较型或整体对比型(Block comparison/contrast)。在实际写作中，有时进行比较的对象并不仅限于两个。
对象-特征比较或对比类型结构模式：
对象1-特征A，特征B，特征C……
对象2-特征A，特征B，特征C……
对象3-特征A，特征B，特征C……
特征-对象型则刚好与上述相反，是以某方面的特征为主线，逐个对比较或对比的对象进行比较或对比，比较或对比完一个特征后，再进行第二特征，再进行第三个特征，如此以往。这种类型的比较或对比又被称为逐点比较或逐点对比型(Point-to-point comparison/contrast)。
特征-对象型比较或对比结构模式：
特征A-对象1，对象2，对象3……
特征B-对象1，对象2，对象3……
特征C-对象1，对象2，对象3……
在整体法和逐点法的运用上，通常，当面对相比的对象的特点较多且较复杂时，最好采用整体法，即将一个对象的特点进行全面系统的陈述或分析后再依次进行第二或第三个对象，这样以便于读者更方便、清楚地了解相关的思想内容。