书城外语《新编大学英语③》词汇突破记忆
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第27章 Unit Eight Healthy Living (2)

[ 考点] a man of principle 善良的好人

in principle 基本上

as a matte r of pr inciple (on principle ) 按照常礼

[ 例句] 1 ) I never gamble ,as a matte r of principle.

2 ) In principle I agr ee that mothers and babies should be together as much as possible ,but it’s not always so simple in practice.

sedate [ si..deit ] ad j.安静的,镇静的

[ 同义] calm,collected ,composed ,cool ,sober

[ 反义] hasty ,flippant ,undignified

[ 考点] sedate pace 稳步,稳速

[ 例句] Opponents of the gove rnment a re calling for a mor e sedate pace of economic reform.

sedat ive [..sed..tiv] n.镇静剂

silicon6 [..silik..n ] n.硅

[ 考点] (a) silicon chip 硅片

the Silicon Valley 硅谷

sponsor4 [..s p..ns..] v.赞助

n.赞助人,赞助商

[ 同义] v.back ,finance ,fund ,gua rantee ,promote ,pat ronize,subsidize n.backe r ,pat ron ,promoter ,gua rantor

[ 考点] sponsor sb.(for sth .) 赞助某人

be sponsor ed by 由.赞助

[ 例句] 1 ) Before you get a visa to live in Br itain ,you need to find someone who will officially sponsor you.

2 ) All the major theatr es now have sponsor s,especially for high cost productions.

st imulant* [..stimjul..nt ] n.①兴奋剂②刺激物

[ 考点] a stimulant to sth..的刺激物

[ 例句] 1) Tour ism has acted as a stimulant to the count ry ’s economy.

2) An Ame rican athlete has been disqualified (剥夺资格) from the championship for the use of banned stimulant.

subtract4 [ s..b..t r .. kt ] v.减去,扣除

[ 同义] debit ,deduct ,det ract ,diminish ,remove ,withdrawn

[ 反义] add

[ 考点] subtr act from 从.减去,扣除

[ 例句] 1 ) Four s ubtr acted from ten equals six.

2 ) You have to subt ract 25% tax from the sum you receive.

threshold6 [....r e....uld] n.①门槛②极限③入口,开端

[ 同义] brink ,drawn ,ent rance ,opening ,outset ,verge

[ 考点] be on the threshold of sth.处在.的开端above / below the threshold of consciousness 有意识作用(下意识) 的

[ 例句] 1 ) She stopped on the threshold ,looking to see who was in the room.

2 ) I have a low boredom thr eshold.我很容易厌烦。

at one’s best 处于最佳状态

[ 例句] The documenta ry was an example of investigative journalism at its best.

attribute .to 把某事归因于,认为是.结果

[ 例句] I wouldn’t dr eam of att ributing such a lack of judgment to you.

figure out 想出

[ 例句] Can you figur e out how to open this box?

beware of 当心,注意

[ 例句] Bewa re of falling asleep while sunbathing.

Part Two After Class Reading

Passage Ⅰ Surprising Facts About Sleep

词汇精解

backfire [..b .. kfai..] v.产生事与愿违的后果

[ 同义] fail ,flop ,miscarry ,r ecoil

[ 例句] Her plans to make him jealous backfired on her when he went out with her best friend.

banner4 [..b .. n..] n.旗帜

[ 考点] carry the banner of 强烈支持

unde r the banner of 在.旗号下

a banner headline (报纸中) 大写字体的显著标题

[ 例句] 1 ) They won the election under the banner of low-er taxes.

2 ) The demonst ra tor s walked along the st reet ,waving banne rs and shouting angrily.

battery4 [..b .. t..ri] n.①一群,一组,一连串②电池

[ 考点] a rechargeable/ solar bat tery 充电电池,太阳能电池

a bat tery of sth.一连串.

a bat tery operated hair dryer 带电池的吹风机

[ 例句] 1 ) This alarm clock takes two medium sized bat-teries.

2 ) A bat tery of expe rts failed to discove r the cause of the accident.

bulb4 [b..lb ] n.① (百合、洋葱、郁金香等植物之生于地面下的) 球茎②状似球茎之物③电灯泡

[ 考点] a light bulb 电灯

[ 例句] 1) Tulips ,onions ,and lilies all grow from bulbs.

2) Plant the bulbs in soil 15 centimetr es apar t and three to five centimetr es deep.

cheat4 [ t..i..t ] v.欺骗,作弊

n.骗子,骗局

[ 同义] deceive ,defr aud ,fool ,t rick ,mislead

[ 考点] cheat in/ at sth.在.中作弊

cheat s b.out of sth.欺骗;榨取利益等

[ 例句] 1) Anyone who caught cheating will be immedia tely disqualified from the exam.

2) Trouble broke out when one of the playe rs called a membe r the other team a chea t.

chronically * [..kr..nikli ] adv.慢性地,长期地

[ 同义] constantly

conference4 [..k..nf..r..ns ] n.会议,讨论会

[ 同义] congress ,discussion ,forum,conversation ,meeting ,debate ,seminar

[ 考点] a confer ence on sth.有关.的会议

be in conference 正在开会

[ 例句] 1 ) She spoke at a confer ence tha t I went to on AIDS.

2) She is in conference now.

crisis4 [..kraisis] n.[ pl .] crises①危机② (重病的) 转折点

[ 同义] emergency ,turning point ,disaster ,miss ,trouble

[ 考点] a c risis in sth..的危机

resolve/ solve the crisis 解决危机

a c risis over sth.因.而起的危机

face a crisis of sth.面临.的危机

[ 例句] 1 ) The re is a crisis in education.

2 ) He’s pas sed the crisis-the fever’s sta rted to go down.

darken* [..d....k..n] v.(使) 变黑(暗)

[ 同义] sadden ,deject ,blacken ,shadow

[ 反义] brighten ,lighten

[ 考点] Never darken these doors/ my door again!别再来了!

[ 例句] We cr ept slowly along the da rkened corridor.

epidemic6 [ epi..demik] n.流行病

[ 考点] a flu epidemic 流感

an unemployment epidemic 流行失业症

reach epidemic propor tions 影响许多人

[ 例句] 1) They’r e predicting an AIDS epidemic in the next ten years.

2) Pover ty in this count ry has r eached epidemic propor tions.

expendable* [ ik..spend..bl ] ad j.不需要的

[ 例句] 1) Expendable mater ials are often used for packa - ging goods.

2) The gene ral considered these t roops were expendable.

heighten6 [ hait..n] v.(使) 变高(大、强)

[ 同义] add to ,elevate ,raise ,incr ease ,st rengthen

[ 反义] dec rease,diminish

[ 考点] heighten a person’s anger 使某人更气愤

heighten an effect 增强效果

[ 例句] As the feeling of panic heightened ,people star ted to flee to towards the exits.

insti tute4 [..institju..t ] n.学院,研究所(院)

[ 例句] 1 ) The Mas sachuset ts Institute of Technology is a famous Institute for the Blind.

2 ) She studied in the Foreign Languages Institute.

invest4 [ in..vest ] v.①投入(时间等) ②投资

[ 同义] charge ,devote ,layout ,put in ,spend ,consecra te,empower

[ 考点] invest in sth.(or doing sth .) 投资于某事(物) ,投资做某事

[ 例句] 1) The institute will invest 5 million in making this project this success that it is.

2) He refused to invest in companies without a good social r epor t.

midafternoon [..mid......f t....nu..n] v.下午3 点左右

refresh4 [ ri..fre..] v.使恢复精神

[ 同义] brace ,chee r ,cool,enliven

[ 反义] exhaust ,tire

[ 考点] refresh oneself with a cup of tea/ a warm bath 喝杯茶/ 洗个热水澡提神

refresh one’s memory 唤起记忆

[ 例句] 1 ) It was such a hot night that I had a cold shower to r efresh myself.

2 ) I looked the word in the dictionary to r efr esh my memory of its exact meaning.

rotate4 [ r..u..teit ] v.轮流,交替

[ 同义] pivot ,revolve ,spell,spin ,turn

[ 考点] rotate crops 轮植农作物

[ 例句] 1 ) The wheel rotates around an axe.

2 ) The satellite slowly rotates as it ci rcles the ea r th.

sedentary [..sed..nt..ri ] ad j.坐者做的

[ 同义] desk bound ,inactive ,seated ,sitting ,still ,unmoving

[ 反义] active

[ 考点] lead a sedentary life 过着案板生活(其工作需要久坐的或劳心的)

sedentary occupa tions 劳心的工作

[ 例句] My doctor says I should sta rt playing spor t because my lifestyle is too sedenta ry.slice4 [ slais ] v.切,割n.薄片

[ 同义] cut ,piece,portion ,section ,shar e,slab ,chop ,divide

[ 考点] slice (up) a loaf 切面包

slice off (a thick steak ) 切下(厚厚的一片肉) any way you slice it/ no ma tter how you slice it 不管怎么想cucumber/ lemon slice 黄瓜/ 柠檬片

[ 例句] 1 ) He accidentally sliced the top off his finger while he was cutting vegetables.

2 ) He shouldn’t have hit he r ,any way you slice it.

sociology6 [ s..usi....l..d..i] n.社会学

southwestern6 [ sau....westn] ad j.西南的

spangle [..sp ......l ] v.用闪光的东西装饰

weekday4 [..wi..kdei] n.周日(除周末以外的日子) ,工作日

[ 考点] on weekdays 工作日中

[ 例句] 1 ) On weekdays I’m usually in bed by ten o’clock.