书城外语英语PARTY——袋鼠之国·澳大利亚
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第25章 人文景观Human Landscapes(4)

澳洲战争纪念馆是国家祭坛,也是世界上最好的祭坛之一。在格里芬湖的北面,是一栋青灰色的圆顶建筑,为纪念二战澳大利亚阵亡的战士而修建的。纪念馆内有追思堂、展览室、放映厅等,同时,它也是战史和军史的教育和研究中心。它收藏有各种展览品、飞机、模型、复制品和图画,仿佛把您带进一个个活生生的战争场面。

馆内奉有第一次世界大战中阵亡的维多利亚州士兵之灵位,建于1934年,后来在第二次世界大战及韩战中阵亡者也都供奉于此。在这幢金字塔形屋顶的建筑物顶层,可以清晰地眺望北岸的墨尔本市中心和史旺斯顿街的街景。另外,还有二战时有关日本军队的展览,真正意义深远。

The Australian War Memorial is the nation,s tribute to its 102,000 war dead, whose names are listed on the Roll of Honour.

Officially opened by the Governor General Lord Gowrie in 1941, the building was the result of an international competition. The competition resulted in the collaboration between John Crust and Emil Sodersten for the design of the building. The Memorial was officially opened on 11 November 1941 by the GovernorGeneral, Lord Gowrie. Completion of the Roll of Honour and Hall of Memory were deferred due to the Second War and further extensions to the Memorial were completed and opened in 1971.

The Tomb of the Unknown Australian Soldier commemorates all Australians who gave their lives for their country in the armed forces or in noncombatant roles. The remains of an unidentifiedunidentified adj.未经确认的 Australian soldier were exhumed from a cemetery at VillersBretonneux, France, and reinterred in the Memorial,s Hall of Memory on 11 November 1993.

The Memorial houses a remarkable museum that records the participation of Australians in war. Displays of war relics, models, paintings, photographs and films help tell the story.

The Australian War Memorial is establishing a new exhibition space, ANZAC Hall, which will house large technology objects such as planes and tanks. The Hall will be opened on ANZAC Day (25th April) in the year 2001.

The Australian War Memorial is located at the foot of Mt Ainslie, at the top of Anzac Parade, on the northern side of Lake Burley Griffin, approximately 1.5 kilometres from the city centre.

The Australian War Memorial commemorates the sacrifice of Australian men and women who have served in war, through its ceremonial areas, extensive exhibitions and research facilities. The focus of commemoration is the Hall of Memory, together with the Tomb of the Unknown Australian Soldier, the Pool of Reflection and the Roll of Honour that lists the names of over 102,000 Australians who have died in war. The Memorialmemorial n.纪念物, 纪念馆, 纪念议事, 请愿书 adj.纪念的, 记忆的 is internationally recognized for its exhibitions, that cover over 12,000 square metres, which present stories of Australia,s military history from colonial times to the present. The Memorial,s Research Centre holds an unrivalled collection of private and official records relating to war and significant holdings of books, newspapers and journals. Commemorative works and sculptures are sited in the grounds of the Memorial, particularly in the Sculpture Garden on the western side of the building. In the Research Centre, on the ground floor, visitors are encouraged to look up family members, research military history, watch films and view photographs and works of art online. Visitors can also access the Memorial,s many databases online via the Memorial,s website. The Memorial also holds a vast collection of official war art by artists such as Drysdale, Streeton, Nolan, Tom Roberts and more recently Wendy Sharpe and Rick Amor In the last five years the Memorial has undergone an extensive redevelopment program resulting in new galleries, such as the Second World Gallery, Bradbury Aircraft Hall and a hands on Discovery Room for children and school groups. ANZAC Hall, the Memorial,s newest exhibition space was opened in June 2001. ANZAC Hall contains a vast collection of military technology, including the Japanese Midget Submarine that attacked Sydney Harbour in 1942. The Sydney Under Attack “object theatre” presentation uses light, sound, photos and film to recreate the attack. The presentation runs hourly each day from 11am. Also on show is Australia,s oldest military aircraft - the Deperdussin, a First World War Mark IV tank, an Iroquois helicopter from Vietnam and a virtual reenactment of Australia,s first naval victory in 1914.

The Australian War Memorial is a must see for everyone, despite the sobering subject matter. The exhibitions are well assembled, placing the emphasis on personal stories, memorabilia and education. The Hall of Memory and the Pool of Reflection offer time to commemorate the efforts of countless Australians lost in war. The facilities offer an extensive research centre and award winning exhibitions. The Memorial is a commanding fortress for history, and a constant reminder of the effects of war.