书城外语高考英语词汇考点手册
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第18章

race比赛;人种,民族;赛跑

out of the rac。没有成功的可能/race u。向上跑,急剧上升/lose race比赛失败

race侧重指因情况紧急需要急速赶到某地。jog指缓步行进或慢跑,速度慢,节奏均匀稳定。有时,还可表示某人的行为慢慢吞吞。例:(X) As soon as the alarm went, the crew jogged about shutting the watertight doors.(√)As soon as the alarm went, the crew raced about shutting the watertight doors.警报一响,船员们跑去把船上的各个水密舱门关紧。

radio无线电;收音机

telegram无线电报/fax传真

We heard th e r ad io that the TV company had closed down.

A.in B.at C.on D.according to

解析 答案 C。句意:我们从收音机中听到这家电视台已经关闭了。on the radio通过无线电广播。

以o结尾的名词,如果属于外来词语就缩写词语,如:piano,photo等,变为复数形式,通常多数在词尾加s,属于真正的英语名词则在词尾加es。中学课本中只有五个以。结尾的名词变为复数时在词尾加es。除了echo-echoes (〔向应)以外,请记住这句话,保你事半功倍:Negroes and heroes eat potatoes and tomatoes.黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红楠。

rather相当

rather than宁可,情愿/would do something rather than do sth.宁可……而不愿……/or rather更确切地说

Yesterday I bought_ basket.

A. rather beautiful

C. fairly beautiful a

B. fairly a beautiful

D. a fairly beautiful

解析 答案 D。句意:fairly与rather的区别:fairly主要与“令人满意的,积极的”具有褒义色彩的形容词、副词连用;而rather则与之相反。rather与形容词连用修饰单数可数名词时,可放在不定冠词前后,而fairly却只能用在不定冠词之后;rather可与too连用,而fairly则不能。

reach到达,抵达;伸手

When he reached the top of the mountain, his heart_ very fast.

A.struck B.beat C.hit D.jum ped

解析 答 案 B 。句意:当他到达山顶时,他的心跳动得很快。beat表示有节奏地跳动,心脏跳动应用动词beat, strike抽打,钟声敲响;hit投击;jump(人的)瑞跳。

read阅读,看懂;辨认;读到

read aloud朗读/read up攻读,熟读

When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door___Sorry to miss you;will call later".

A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading

解析 答 案 为 D, read在本句中的含义为“上面写着”,题干主句中谓语动词为saw,此处应选分词短语作为名词词组“a message pinned to the door',的修饰语,read与message是主动的关系,故用现在分词形式。

really真正的;实在

reason理由,原因;理智;推论

by reason of由于,因为/in (all) reason明智,合乎情理,在道理上/out of all reason无理的,不可理喻的/with(without) reason有(没有)道理,合乎(不合乎)情理

The reason why she couldn't come to the meeting was___been invited.

A. because she had not . B. which she had not

C. because of her not having D . that she had not

解析 答案 D。句意:她没参加会议的原因是她没有被邀请。because只用于原因状语从句,because of在句中充当状语,应排除选项A, C, which不能引导表语从句,只有what, that, who, why等疑问代词可以引导表语从句,因此本题正确选项为D.

recently近来

early早的(地)/ late迟的(地),晚的(地)/ later较迟的(地),以后的(地)/ recent新近的,近来的/lately最近,近来/first第一的(地),最早的(地);最先的(地)/ last最后的;最末的;刚过去的,上一个的/final最‘后的,最终的/old老的;年迈的广young年轻的;年幼的/youth年轻人/new新的/shabby破旧的,整脚的/sooner or later迟早/next最后,最终/finally最后地,最终地

She is beginning to pay more attention to her appearance in___years.

A.recently B.recent C.lately D.late

解析 答案 B。句意:近年来她开始更加注意她的外表.考查词性区别,只有形容词recent可以修饰名词。选项A,C,D都是副词,用在本题中不适合。

recently(最近,近来)通常用来指过去,不能指将、,所以不用于将来时态。注:与recently连用的时态可以是现在完成时(指从过去至现在的这一段时间或强调过去与现在的联系)域一般过去时(指过去的某一点时间),如:Mary has been ill recently.玛丽最近一直有病。

relation关系;交往

relation与……有关,与……的关系

I have business___ him .

A. relation with B. relation to

C. relations with' D. relations to

解析 答案 C 。句意:我与他有业务关系。relation关系,关联,是可数名词,由题意可知应 当用复数名词的形式,C是正确答案。

remain保持,仍是;剩下

remain with 属于,归于

Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains___whether they will enjoy it.

A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen

解析 答案为B。译为:对一对老夫妇来说去国外旅行是有好处的,但是这要看他是否喜欢。根据题意要用被动语态。

remark注意,议论;注意到;评论

remember记起,记得

remove移动,搬开,去掉,消除,把……免职

bring带来,拿来/take取,拿走/fetch拿来,取回/give给,举行/carry运送,搬运/load装载

I can't_ the dirty points from my shirt.

A. move away B. remove

C. move D. remove away

解析 答 案 B.句意:我不能将我衬一衫上的污点去掉。remove...from...把……从……移去,固定短语裕配。

repair修理,修补

make repairs修理,修补/in repair维修良好/under repair在修理中/beyond repair无法修理

repair box自行车,修理包/men。修理/fix安装/fasten扎牢,扣住/pump泵,抽水机/equipment装备/fitting装置/machine机器/robot机器人/tool工具;器具/hammer铁锤/ nail钉子/pipe管子,导管,输送管/pole杆;柱;极地/panel控制板;电池帆板;聚热器/plug塞子,插头

Is this the watch you wish___?

A. to have repaired

C. to have repaired it

B. to have it repaired

D. to have repair

解析 答 案 A 。句意:这是那块你希望修一下的表吗?考查have sth.done的灵活运用。原词组应为have the watch repaired,用作定语后,the watch作先行词,故不再用it.

republic共和国

natio国家,民族/countr,国家/provinc。省,行政区/cit,城市/town市镇,城镇/village乡村,村庄/area地区;面积/region地方,区域/district地区,区域/zone区域;地区;范围/block街区,街段

request请求,要求

request o,要求/request sth. from sb.向某人要求某物/request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事/request+从句时,从句的时态应采取虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”的形式/at sb. 's request应某人的要求/on(upon) request一经要求

return归,回答,归还

I gave her some roses___return___ her kindness.

A.in;for

C.in;against

B. on;for

D. in; to

解析 答案 A。句意:我送给她一束玫瑰以感谢她的好意.in return fo作为对……的报酬,作为对……的报告。

road道路,公路

rock岩石;大石头;摇晃

roll打滚;卷起

roof屋顶

under one's roof在某人家里,受某人款待

The___of the houses there were made of wood.

A. roof B.roofs C.rooves D.roofes

解析 答案 B。句意:这些房子的屋顶是由木头组成的。roof是可数名词,其复教是roofs.

room房间;空间

make room for给??腾出地方/in sb. 's room; in the room ofsb.处于某人的地位,作为对某人的接管八eave room for为??留下余地

If you don't take away all your things from the desk, there won't be enough

for my stationery.

A. area B . place C . room D. surface

解析 答案 为 C。在此句中room表示“空间”,是不可数名词。选项B表示地方时,是可数名词,需要用冠词。area指面积。surface表示物质的表面。

room作空间,余地解时,是不可数名词,,不可用冠词a,也没有复数形式。