书城外语课外英语-美国总统演讲选萃(上)(双语版)
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第8章 詹姆斯·门罗第一次就职演讲(1817)(2)

Equally gratifying is it to witness the increased harmony of opinion which pervades our Union.Discord does not belong to our system.Union is recommended as well by the free and benign principles of our Government,extending its blessings to every individual,as by the other eminent advantages attending it.The American people have encountered together great dangers and sustained severe trials with success.They constitute one great family with a common interest.Experience has enlightened us on some questions of essential importance to the country.The progress has been slow,dictated by a just reflection and a faithful regard to every interest connected with it.To promote this harmony in accord with the principles of our republican Government and in a manner to give them the most complete effect,and to advance in all other respects the best interests of our Union,will be the object of my constant and zealous exertions.

我同样感到满意的是,我看到我们合众国越来越和谐一致。冲突不和不属于我们的制度。联邦之所以受到拥护,是因为我们的政府制定了自由和仁慈的原则,从而使每个人都受到了恩惠,同时还因为它有其他突出的优点。美国人民已共同克服了巨大的危险,成功地经受了严峻的考验。他们组成了具有共同利益的大家庭。经验已经在一些对国家至关重要的问题上使我们获得教益,由于对国家的各种利益须作正确的考虑和忠诚的关切,所以进展是很缓慢的。我将持之以恒并努力追求的目标是:按照我们的共和政府的原则,以充分发挥其作用的方式来促进和谐,并在所有其他方面促进我们联邦的最大利益。

Never did a government commence under auspices so favorable,nor ever was success so complete.If we look to the history of other nations,ancient or modern,we find no example of a growth so rapid,so gigantic,of a people so prosperous and happy.In contemplating what we have still to perform,the heart of every citizen must expand with joy when he reflects how near our Government has approached to perfection;that in respect to it we have no essential improvement to make;that the great object is to preserve it in the essential principles and features which characterize it,and that is to be done by preserving the virtue and enlightening the minds of the people;and as a security against foreign dangers to adopt such arrangements as are indispensable to the support of our independence,our rights and liberties.If we persevere in the career in which we have advanced so far and in the path already traced,we can not fail,under the favor of a gracious Providence,to attain the high destiny which seems to await us.

从来没有一个政府能像我国政府那样从一开始就诸事如意,并获得如此彻底的成功。翻阅一下其他国家的历史,无论是古代的国家还是现代的国家,都无法找到一个发展如此迅速,规模如此巨大,而人民又是如此富裕和幸福的实例。当我们思考还有哪些尚待完成的任务时,每个公民必然由衷地感到喜悦,因为他会想到:我们的政府已经如此接近于完善:我们在这方面已无需作出重大改善,伟大的目标在于维护我们政府拥有的基本原则和特征,这将通过保持人民的美德和启发人民的心灵来实现;伟大的目标还在于采取不可缺少的措施,来维护我们的独立、权利和自由,并确保我国不受外来的威胁。如果我们能保持目前我们已经获得进展的事业,并坚持不懈地走我们已经走过的路,那么在仁慈上帝的保佑下,我们便能达到似乎正在等待着我们的崇高目标。

In the Administrations of the illustrious men who have preceded me in this high station,with some of whom I have been connected by the closest ties from early life,examples are presented which will always be found highly instructive and useful to their successors.From these I shall endeavor to derive all the advantages which they may afford.Of my immediate predecessor,under whom so important a portion of this great and successful experiment has been made,I shall be pardoned for earnest wishes that he may long enjoy in his retirement the affections of a grateful country,the best reward of exalted talents and the most faithful and meritorious service.Relying on the aid to be derived from the other departments of the Government,I enter on the trust to which I have been called by the suffrages of my fellow-citizens with my fervent prayers to the Almighty that He will be graciously pleased to continue to us that protection which He has already so conspicuously displayed in our favor.

在我之前,已有几位杰出人物担任过这一崇高的职务,而且我与其中一些人很早就结成了最紧密的联系。他们所提供的执政典范,将永远使后继者获得高度的教益。从这些典范中,我将尽力获取所有的长处。至于我的前任总统,由于他所进行的工作已经成为我们巨大而成功的实验的极为重要的一部分,大家必然会体谅我要向他表示热烈的祝愿:愿他在退休后能永享国家对他的感激之情,这种感情是对他的杰出才能和最为忠诚而卓越的服务的最好报答。依靠政府其他各部门的帮助,我开始担任同胞们通过选举而交给我的职务。我虔诚地向全能的上帝祈祷,他已经如此明显地展示了对我们的护佑,愿他继续仁慈地护佑我们。

人物小传:美国第5位总统(1817—1825)

姓名:詹姆斯·门罗

生于:1758年4月28日,威斯特摩兰郡,维吉尼亚州

卒于:1831年7月4日,纽约

所属政党:民主共和党

第一夫人:伊丽莎白·科特莱特·门罗

副总统:丹尼尔·D.汤普金斯

詹姆斯·门罗生于弗吉尼亚,父亲是农场主。门罗就学于威廉·玛丽学院,中途辍学参加独立战争。1785年,27岁的门罗与17岁的伊丽莎白·科特莱特结婚,有一子二女。

1782年门罗被选入弗吉尼亚议会。1790年进入美国参议院。1794年任驻法公使。1799-1802年任弗吉尼亚州长。1803年任驻英公使。购买路易斯安那就是他在巴黎了解拿破仑的动向后建议从法国人手中买下的。1811年任国务卿。1816年当选总统。1820年连任。

门罗任总统时,正值美国结束连年战争进入和平建设时期,他对内强调国家意识,对外大力开拓疆土,为美国资本主义发展创造了有利条件。1823年门罗在国情咨文中提出的美国外交政策方针,世称《门罗宣言》或“门罗主义”,即在“美洲是美洲人的美洲”的口号下,公然把拉丁美洲划为美国的势力范围。

门罗卸任后回到故乡。1829年出席为修改宪法而召开的国民大会,并担任州制宪会议主席。

门罗老境凄凉,1831年7月4日在纽约女儿家逝世,是五位死于美国独立日的总统中的第三位。

Second Inaugural Address ofAndrew Jackson(1833)

Monday,March 4,1833