书城外语课外英语-古诗精选(双语版)
46285300000004

第4章 五言古诗(4)

杜甫诗歌最大的艺术特色是,诗人常将自己的主观感受隐藏在客观的描写中,让事物自身去打动读者。杜甫诗歌语言平易朴素、通俗、写实,但却极见功力。他还常用人物独白和俗语来突出人物性格的个性化。

兵车行

车辚辚,马萧萧,

行人弓箭各在腰。

耶娘妻子走相送,尘埃不见咸阳桥。

牵衣顿足拦道哭,哭声直上干云霄。

道旁过者问行人,行人但云点行频。

或从十五北防河,便至四十西营田。

去时里正与裹头,归来头白还戍边。

边亭流血成海水,武皇开边意未已。

君不闻,汉家山东二百州,

千村万落生荆杞?

纵有健妇把锄犁,禾生陇亩无东西。

况复秦兵耐苦战,被驱不异犬与鸡。

长者虽有问,役夫敢申恨。

且如今年冬,未休关西卒。

县官急索租,租税从何出?

信知生男恶,反是生女好。

生女犹得嫁比邻,生男埋没随百草。

君不见,青海头,

古来白骨无人收?

新鬼烦冤旧鬼哭,天阴雨湿声啾啾。

A Song of WarChariots

The warchariots rattle,

The warhorses whinny.

Each man of you has a bow and a quiver at his belt.

Father,mother,son,wife,stare at you going,

Till dust shall have buried the bridge beyond Changan.

They run with you,crying,they tug at your sleeves,

And the sound of their sorrow goes up to the clouds;

And every time a bystander asks you a question,

You can only say to him that you have to go.

We remember others at fifteen sent north to guard the river

And at forty sent west to cultivate the campfarms.

The mayor wound their turbans for them when they started out.

With their turbaned hair white now,they are still at the border,

At the border where the blood of men spills like the sea—

And still the heart of Emperor Wu is beating for war.

Do you know that,east of Chinas mountains,in two hundred districts

And in thousands of villages,nothing grows but weeds,

And though strong women have bent to the ploughing,

East and west the furrows all are broken down?

Men of China are able to face the stiffest battle,

But their officers drive them like chickens and dogs.

Whatever is asked of them,

Dare they complain?

For example,this winter

Held west of the gate,

Challenged for taxes,

How could they pay?

We have learned that to have a son is bad luck—

It is very much better to have a daughter

Who can marry and live in the house of a neighbour,

While under the sod we bury our boys.

Go to the Blue Sea,look along the shore

At all the old white bones forsaken—

New ghosts are wailing there now with the old,

Loudest in the dark sky of a stormy day.

丽人行

三月三日天气新,长安水边多丽人。

态浓意远淑且真,肌理细腻骨肉匀。

绣罗衣裳照暮春,蹙金孔雀银麒麟。

头上何所有?翠微盍叶垂鬓唇。

背后何所见?珠压腰衱稳称身。

就中云幕椒房亲,赐名大国虢与秦。

紫驼之峰出翠釜,水精之盘行素鳞。

犀箸餍饫久未下,鸾刀缕切空纷纶。

黄门飞鞚不动尘,御厨络绎送八珍。

箫鼓哀吟感鬼神,宾从杂遝实要津。

后来鞍马何逡巡?当轩下马入锦茵。

杨花雪落覆白苹,青鸟飞去衔红巾。

炙手可热势绝伦,慎莫近前丞相嗔。

A Song of Fair Women

On the third day of the March in the freshening weather

Many beauties take the air by the Changan waterfront,

Receptive,aloof,sweetmannered,sincere,

With soft fine skin and wellbalanced bone.

Their embroidered silk robes in the spring sun are gleaming—

With a mass of golden peacocks and silver unicorns.

And hanging far down from their temples

Are blue leaves of delicate kingfisher feathers.

And following behind them

Is a pearlladen train,rhythmic with bearers.

Some of them are kindred to the Royal House—

The titled Princesses Guo and Qin.

Red camelhumps are brought them from jade broilers,

And sweet fish is ordered them on crystal trays.

Though their foodsticks of unicornhorn are lifted languidly

And the finely wrought phoenix carvingknife is very little used,

Fleet horses from the Yellow Gate,stirring no dust,

Bring precious dishes constantly from the imperial kitchen.

While a solemn sound of flutes and drums invokes gods and spirits,

Guests and courtiers gather,all of high rank;

And finally,riding slow,a dignified horseman

Dismounts at the pavilion on an embroidered rug.