书城外语英语PARTY——浪漫之都·法国
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第19章 旅行宝典Travel Guide(1)

Food and Wine of France

法国的饮食

在饮食起居方面,法国人也是每日三餐:早上起床后进早餐,中午12时至13时为午餐时间,晚餐则一般在20时左右。午餐和晚餐为正餐。

法国人和中国人一样,也十分讲究饮食文化。初到法国并有机会到法国人家里做客的人一定会注意到,法国人花在餐桌上的时间——尤其在周末或节假日期间——非常之多,一顿饭常常要吃上几个小时。当然,除了美酒和佳肴之外,法国人习惯于在餐桌上聊天,特别是当亲朋好友聚集在一起时,大有“有朋自远方来不亦乐乎”的那种气氛。

法国人对饮食艺术有极高的品味。国内的名菜多不胜数,其中以鹅肝酱,海鲜,蜗牛,乳酪芝士等最为人熟知。法国的餐厅食肆成行成市,丰俭由人,有富丽堂皇的传统法式餐厅,富有地方色彩的餐馆,以及露天咖啡室,茶室等,选择之多,称美食天堂。

通常餐厅会放置餐牌于门外供顾客参考,所列明之价钱已包括15%的服务费。大部分的餐厅会提供套餐或散餐给顾客选择。套餐通常包括前菜,主菜及甜品,散餐则可让顾客按自己喜好,选择食物种类,而散食的价钱亦较套餐昂贵。

法国每个省份的进餐时间和食物都略有不同,普通来说,早餐在7时至9时,以咖啡,茶,面包和牛角为主。中餐在12时至2时,晚餐由7时开始。传统的餐厅在晚上11时便停止服务,但在市中心及火车站附近则有营业时间较长的餐厅。当然还有很多酒吧,夜总会营业至深夜。法国亦有很多小食店,三文治快餐店,薄饼店等出售各类小吃,蛋糕,三文治,满足各种人对饮食的不同要求。大部分餐馆都在门口贴了当日的菜单及价钱。而午饭时大多有今日推荐菜单( Plat du jour),价钱较为便宜。

巴黎餐厅颇多,可供选择的范围亦很广,但麦当劳等快餐馆在巴黎不太普遍,只有在较着名的旅游区如香榭丽舍大道才能找到,价钱亦较昂贵。

法国奶酪

法国生产近400种奶酪,花样繁多,各具风味,是世界上生产奶酪品种最多的国家。法国奶酪有牛奶、绵羊奶、山羊奶或是混合奶所制成的不同品种。其各地都有地道的奶酪产品,制法历史悠久,源远流长,例如居产乳区首位的诺曼底以含丰富奶脂的奶酪闻名;罗亚尔河河谷区和普阿图则是气味浓郁的山羊奶奶酪;比利牛斯山区则是以硬而带果仁味的奶酪着名。

法国菜

法国菜是世界上最高级的菜已众所认可。它的口感之细腻、酱料之美味、餐具摆设之华美,简直可称之为一种艺术。每一道菜都有它独特的烹调方法,让就餐客人垂涎三尺。另外,法国人对酒也很重视,法国的葡萄园分布全国各地,每年生产红酒、白酒、香槟等来配合不同的菜式。

法国葡萄酒

目前,法国的葡萄种植面积排在第二位,仅在西班牙之后,法国是世界第一大葡萄酒生产国。

多少个世纪以来,法国的葡萄酒始终是节庆和文化的一个组成部分。从一开始,葡萄和葡萄酒便有助于建立起一种独具特色的社会和一种生活的艺术。喝葡萄酒,当然是有节制地喝,也使对文化的记忆变得更加清晰起来。高莱特说,葡萄酒是“菜肴的荣誉”,亚历山大·弗莱明说,葡萄酒是“能让人幸福的东西”。

一个现代的国家应当懂得珍惜和保持她的荣誉,并尽一切努力,改善和提高她的荣誉。法国始终承认葡萄酒具有非比寻常的地位。在法国这样的国家,葡萄酒是,而且应该永远是一种非比寻常的产品。

法国是葡萄酒文明的权威国家,同时也是美食的国度。高品质的葡萄酒是与美食分不开的,更能增加节庆的气氛。喝葡萄酒体现了一种节庆的、友好的和讲究的姿态。

The normal meal schedule is to take a light breakfast in the morning (consisting of bread and/or cereal,possibly coffee and some fruit,perhaps croissants),a lunch at some point between noon and 2PM,and dinner in the evening. A normal complete meal consists in appetizers (perhaps raw vegetables or salad),a main dish (generally,meat or fish with a side of vegetables,pastapasta n.意大利面制品,意大利面食(包括通心粉及面条等),rice or friest),some cheese and/or dessert (fruit or cake). While most working people and students eat their lunch outside,it is to be noted that corporate and school cafeterias normally serve complete meals (appetizers,main dish,dessert);it is not usual for students to bring sandwiches.

The French generally take a strong interest in food. French food was largely regional,and these influences still show (to draw some caricature,the cooking of Normandy is based on cream and butter,while Provence uses olive oil as a cooking fat). Some dishes,such as garnished sauerkraut,are connoted for a particular region (in this case,Alsace). However,with the movements of population across contemporary France,regional distinctions are less acute;while many dishes retain the association with their region of origin,they are available and appreciated nationwide. Furthermore,international cuisines are appreciated;let us cite Northern African dishes such as couscous stew,Chinese cuisine,and,more recently,Japanese cuisinecuisine n.厨房烹调法,烹饪,烹调风格) (the latter are generally appreciated in restaurants.

Famous Food in France

Bakeries: Where would a French national be without a bakery? These can be found throughout the area. For a bakery close to your hotel (if your accommodation choice doesn,t have one inhouse),ask for details on arrival.

Chinese Restaurants: They are plentiful and can be found almost everywhere in this exciting destination.

Halal Cuisine:If you are of Islamic faith or simply prefer halal cuisine,then your palette is well catered for here. Hotels/resorts and restaurants often cater to your preferred diet and for more information (if your accommodation choice doesn,t offer this cuisine) would be to ask at your hotel or one of the useful information centres in the area on arrival.

Hawker Food: Hawker venues are dotted throughout the area. These come in the form of street stalls or can be found inside market areas and shopping malls. Generally this food is safe to eat and the variety extensive and mouth watering.

Kosher Dishes: Members of the Jewish faith will have no trouble following their traditional diet here. If your hotel doesn,t already cater for this,restaurants in the area do and you are advised to ask for details on a venue nearest your hotel that does.

Local Cuisine: If you are the adventurous type,don,t miss out on the local eateries offering traditional dishes that are well worth samplingsampling 取样 v.取样 when here. Who knows you may even go home with a new dish to add to your next dinner party?

International (Western cuisine): You,ll find western style eateries and American fastfood outlets throughout the area. German,Italian and Greek restaurants as well other nations will more than satisfy your cravings for food from these countries.

Indian Cuisine: Indian food is plentiful,from quaint coffee shops to those serving spicyspicy adj.加香料的,出产香料的,辛辣的,有风味的 curries,dosas and chapaties you are sure to find something to suit your taste. This popular cuisine is well catered for here and you certainly won,t starve on this front.

Japanese Dishes: Can be found at a number of Japanese restaurants in the area. Ask for details on one closest to your hotel on arrival.

Seafood: Forever popular with locals and visitors alike,the choice of seafood is good here. Hotels,restaurants and other eateries often include seafood dishes on their menus,so if this is what you are looking for,you certainly won,t be disappointed.

Special Diets: If you are allergicallergic adj.[医]过敏的,患过敏症的 to certain foodstuffs or require a specific diet when on holiday it is always best to mention this fact on arrival at your hotel as they can sometimes organise a special menu to suit or at least be prepared to prepare some dishes especially,to meet your requirements if the establishment doesn,t already cater to your needs.